Sustainability Report 2023 24 Calculating our energy usage and GHG emissions To accurately track and monitor our emissions, we aim to report our Scope 1 and 2 emissions in line with best practices according to the GHG Protocol. Our Scope 1 emissions include all direct emissions from owned or controlled sources, including the use of diesel fuel and fuel gas used in auxiliary facilities. Scope 2 GHG emissions are indirect emissions from the production of bought energy, steam, heating and cooling, which are calculated based on electricity purchased from the national grid for our site offices. In line with the GRI Standards we have also introduced a new GHG intensity metric this year which is "tCO2e per ton of coal produced" to reflect our GHG emission performance more accurately in relation to our main operations. To calculate our Scope 1 and 2 emissions, we primarily utilise fuel combustion emission factors from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) Emission Factors Hub. Meanwhile, grid emission factors are derived from the Indonesian National Grid 2019 data and Singapore’s Energy Market Authority’s 2021 data. The latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report global warming potential (GWP) rates are also used in our calculations for relevant greenhouse gases. Conversion factors and methodology to convert fuel activity data into energy is based on the CDP Technical Note: Fuel to MWh 2019. Scope 3 emissions are also considered and primarily refer to the operations of mining contractors. These mainly come from movable units (heavy equipment) and stationary units (e.g. genset), of which emissions data was retrieved by a certified vendor in line with various reference standards as part of routine maintenance and industrial hygiene (IH) monitoring measures.4 5 To improve the completeness of our GHG inventory, we have calculated additional Scope 3 emissions this year in relation to "Category 3: Fuel and energy-related activities not included in Scope 1 and 2" and "Category 5: Waste generated in operations." Activity data on fuel, energy usage, and waste disposal was collected both on-site through flow and kwh meters along with weight data from our waste collection vendors. Emission factors for Scope 3 Category 3 and 5 emissions are primarily based on UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) 20236 and the US EPA Emission Factor Hub respectively. 4 For movable units, the measurement criteria and reference standards used are as follows: Minister of Environment Regulation No.05-2006 concerning threshold of exhaust gas emissions for old motorised vehicles; Governor of South Sumatra Regulation No.06-2012 concerning emission quality standards from stationary sources and thresholds for motor vehicle exhaust emissions. 5 For immovable units, the measurement criteria and reference standards used are as follows: Minister of Environment Regulation No.04-2014 concerning quality standards for emissions for mining activities emission sources for supporting activities; Minister of Environment Regulation No.11-2021 concerning quality standards for emissions for internal combustion machines. 6 An older version, Defra 2021, was used as it is the latest version of Defra which provides the upstream emission factors of purchased electricity. Our goals and targets We aim to continue to work towards limiting the negative impacts of our operations by reducing the energy consumption from the previous year. We are also exploring the use of lowcarbon energy such as solar power and biodiesel in our existing mines for lighting, communication and water heating to further reduce our carbon emissions. WATER AND EFFLUENTS [GRI 3-3, 303-1 to 303-5] How we manage this Water plays a significant role in our operations, and we recognise the risks associated with wastewater contamination on the public’s health and environment. As such, Geo Energy is committed to mitigating these risks to the environment and public health of communities in the vicinity of our mine sites. Managing the quality of discharged wastewater in line with local regulations, through best-in class water and wastewater management standards, is a key priority for us in minimising the associated impacts of wastewater contamination to local water resources. We have implemented the following water quality guidelines in our operations, which also cover parts of our mining contractor’s operations: • Mine Waste Emergency Management (INK-HSE001-SDJ, INK-HSE-001TBR); • Wastewater Sampling Method (SOP-037HSE-2022); • Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plant (24/SOP-SHE/III/2020); • Kuriflock Usage Manual (41/SOP-SHE/II/2022); • Mine Water Liquid Waste Management Procedure (SOP-014-HSE-2018); and BUMA Management System on water quality standard. Much of our water is taken from ground water using boreholes and municipal water supplies from a vendor for domestic activity needs. In some of our mines, water supplies are taken from surface water and are used for clean water needs. Meanwhile, grey water from sanitary operations is discharged to water bodies after treatment in settling ponds. To ensure that the quality of water we discharge complies with applicable water quality standards, we conduct daily and monthly monitoring of our effluent water and apply treatment where necessary. In line with applicable water quality regulations, water from domestic activities is treated by a food trap and undergoes required treatment in a
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